MBBS PO & CO

• To functioning of major organ systems & its physiological basis, dysfunction of organ system in relation to disease process, appropriate diagnostic tests & it’s correlation with the clinical presentation, therapeutic recommendations for preventive, curative, and palliative therapies, expansion of medical knowledge through research

• To perform a full or focused physical examination on the subject in a logical sequence appropriate for the clinical problem directed from the clinical history.
• To demonstrate the knowledge of clinical signs

• To demonstrate respect, compassion, accountability and empathy when interacting with peers & other persons in surroundings.
• Able to display doctor-patient relationships demonstrating sensitivity and responsiveness to culture, race/ethnicity, age, socioeconomic status, gender, sexual orientation, spirituality, disabilities, and other aspects of diversity.
• To demonstrate ability to behave ethically while interacting with the peers & other persons in the surroundings.

• To demonstrate ability to utilize communication strategies involving nonverbal, verbal and written modalities in an organized and clear manner in order to communicate, create rapport, effectively communicate & share relevant information with peers & other persons in the surroundings

• To demonstrate the ability to work effectively, efficiently & in rational way with his/ her colleagues and other team members.
• To educate & motivate the team members.
• To identify the self & others potential of functioning ability as a team leader to maximize the outputs.

• To demonstrates life-long learning skills needed to stay informed of relevant scientific findings.
• To demonstrates reflective practice through self-assessment, ability to analyse one’s experiences, ability to identify limitations and areas for self-improvement and further education.
• To demonstrates self-corrective behavior, self-motivation, and ability to act on plans for self-improvement.
• To demonstrates ability to recognize triggers for stress and anxiety, to take care of mental health and wellbeing. Recognizes and identifies when to ask for help. Develops a personalized program for physical/mental health.

• To demonstrate ability of information seeking strategies, curiosity, organisational skills, patience, trustworthiness, determination & persistance, open mindedness during his/her routine activities in the class & laboratories.
• To awareness of importance of research and development among themselves.
• To awareness to empower the researcher with self-confidence, critical thinking and Scientific communication skills.
• To develop solution-oriented attitude and directed towards the solution of a problem.

• Demonstrate ability to verify and test important facts

• To demonstrate ability to treat others with consideration, respect other person's point of view, accountable for one's own actions, resolve differences in constructive, nonviolent & peaceful ways, attitude of gratitude, cooperative, attending classes regularly & in time, completing assignments in time, participating in classroom activities. Maintaining good physical health.
• To demonstrates qualities as reliability, trustworthiness, dependability, altruism, and compassion.

• To demonstrates responsibility to conserve natural resources (to protect air, water& soil) and protect global ecosystems to support health and wellbeing, awareness of limitations of natural resources & its judicial use for the sake of present & future generations.
• To develop an understanding of living and physical environment and how to resolve challenging environmental issues affecting nature.
• To develop the knowledge and skills required to address challenging environmental issues.
• To awareness of and concern about the impact of environmental issues on health.
• Ability of combining didactic and experiential elements to significantly increase self-reported sense of preparedness to discuss environmental health issues, including climate change, with their peers.
• To demonstrate Waste reduction & use of energy efficiently, plastic free environment.

CO1:  

• To demonstrate and describe the knowledge of basic biochemical process and cycles in the human body and their correlation with pathophysiology of the disease and different clinical conditions and application of that knowledge to the simulated clinical scenario, this includes knowledge of evolving branches related to biochemistry like molecular biology, inborn errors of metabolism and cancer.

CO2:

• To demonstrate the knowledge of evidence-based methods of biochemical tests of body fluids, biochemical basis of the diseases and case appropriate choice of tests, interpretation and analysis of their results in case-based scenario in simulated condition.
• To demonstrate the knowledge of biochemical basis of symptoms and disease condition.

CO3:  

• To demonstrate the ability to maintain appropriate standards of professional responsibility and competencies in the departmental laboratory and hospital laboratory with responsible behaviour towards infrastructural aspects. Demonstrate the knowledge of good laboratory practices and waste disposal.

CO4:  

• To demonstrate ability to communicate effectively, respectfully, non-judgemental, empathetic manner with colleagues and staff members that will encourage and improve communication skills.

CO5:  

• To demonstrate the ability to work effectively, efficiently & in rational way with his/ her other team members, maintaining good interpersonal relationship & motivate the team members in a manner to maximize the potential of the team, considering various roles, responsibilities and competencies.

CO6:  

• To demonstrate the ability to acquire new knowledge and skills to self-motivate and identify the necessary resources and apply andragogy principles of learning.

CO7:

• To demonstrate an ability to acquire knowledge to develop new scientific tools, concepts and theories.

CO8:

• To demonstrate an ability to participate in carefully designed, socially responsible activities in order to,

1. Practice and have reinforce such qualities as reliability, trustworthiness, dependability, altruism and compassion.
2. Partially reimburse society for the cost of their medical education.

CO9:

1. To demonstrate environmental health in medical education, serve as a catalyst for preparing future physician to address issues as complex as climate change and health, water pollution, air pollution.
2. To demonstrate the knowledge of biomedical waste management. Inadequate management of waste produced in health care facilities causes a direct health hazard on the general public, the health care workers and on the environment.

CO1: Able to choose the appropriate, cost-effective drug or therapy and interpret these with clinical context to prescribe rationally.

CO2: To describe the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics indications, contraindications, interactions and adverse reactions of essential and commonly used drugs

CO3: To explain pharmacological basis of prescribing drugs in special medical situations such as pregnancy, lactation, infancy and old age & integrate the list the drugs of addiction and recommend the   management.

CO4: To explain the concept of rational drug therapy in clinical pharmacology.

CO5:  to demonstrate ability to evaluate the ethics and modalities involved in the development and introduction of new drugs

CO6:  to demonstrate communication with patient with empathy and ethics on aspects of drug use.

CO7: To motivate patient with chronic disease to adhere to the prescribed management by the health care provider.

CO8: To demonstrate how to interact with pharmaceutical representative to get authentic information of drug.

CO9: To explain to the patient the relationship between cost of treatment and patient compliance.

CO10: To prepare and explain a list of p-drug for a given condition.

CO1: To describe the structure and ultra-structure of a sick cell, the mechanisms of the cell degradation, cell death and repair.

CO2: To correlate structural and functional alterations in the sick cell.

CO3: To explain the Patho physiological processes which governs the maintenance of homeostasis, mechanism of their disturbances and the morphological and clinical manifestation associated with it.

CO4: To describe the mechanisms and patterns of tissue response to injury to appreciate the Pathophysiology of disease processes and their clinical manifestations.

CO5: To correlate the gross and microscopic alterations of different organ systems in common diseases to the extent needed to understand disease processes and their clinical significance.

CO6: To develop an understanding of neoplastic change in the body in order to appreciate need for early diagnosis and further management of neoplasia.

CO7: To understand mechanisms of common haematological disorders and develop a logical approach in their diagnosis and management.

CO8: To describe the rationale and principles of technical procedures of diagnostic laboratory tests.

CO9: To interpret diagnostic laboratory tests and correlate with clinical and morphological features of diseases.

CO10: To perform simple bedside tests on blood, urine and other biological fluid samples.

CO11: To communicate with patient, colleagues regarding utility of diagnostic tests and maintain confidentiality.

CO1: To demonstrate ability to evaluate and estimate the various Microbiological parameters, analyse on the basis of choice of various lab diagnostic tests interpretation relevant to clinical case scenario.

CO2:  To demonstrate knowledge about the micro-organisms causing different infections, lab diagnostic tests for detection / confirmation of different infections, immunology, Hospital Infection Control (HIC), antibiotic stewardship, antibiotic resistance, personal safety, OT sterility and BMW management.

CO3:

1. To demonstrate respect for patient sample, during collection and processing.
2. To get knowledge regarding the professional attributes.

CO4: To demonstrate ability to utilize communication strategies involving nonverbal, verbal, written modalities in an organised and clear manner in order to communicate, create report and share relative information with clinicians.

CO5: To demonstrate the ability to work effectively, efficiently and rationally with colleagues and team members, educate and motivate the team members, identify the self and other potential functioning ability as a team leader to maximise the outputs (departmental small project)

CO6: To demonstrate lifelong learning skills (SDL) needed to stay informed new relevant scientific findings, new diseases, handling disasters and pandemic.
2) Demonstrate reflective practice through self-assessment ability to analyse one's experience.  Ability to identify limitations and areas for self-improvement and further education. Ability to acquire new knowledge skills and reflect in log book.

CO1: Aware of the physical, social, nutritional, psychological, economic and environmental determinants of health and disease, and understand the principles of prevention and control of communicable and non-communicable diseases.

CO2: Aware of national & regional healthcare policies including National health mission that incorporates NRHM & NUHM and implementation of various National health programmes.

CO3: Able to think epidemiologically, diagnose totally, treat comprehensively, able to promote primordial and primary prevention in community through health care delivery system and be able to function as community and first contact physician.

CO4: Able to identify, prioritize and apply the clinical skills to recognize and manage common health problems including their physical, emotional, social aspects and occupational issues at the individual, family and community levels for making community diagnosis and understand the principles of prevention and control of communicable and non-communicable diseases

CO5: Able to understand population dynamics and participate actively in health care services for special groups like mothers, infants, under five children, school children, adolescents and elderly of rural, tribal and urban slum dwellers.

 CO6: Able to participate actively in investigation of outbreaks/epidemics of various diseases and other public health emergencies/disasters and to inculcate the habit of considering the above aspects while rendering patient care.

CO7: Inculcate values like compassion, empathy to poor, rational and ethical

practice, to ensure quality professional practice and able to develop the qualities of Good Medical Practitioner and able to enhance personal and professional excellence through continuous medical education.

CO8: Able to apply principles of behavioural change communication and counselling of the community for health promotion, disease prevention and healthy life style measures and to communicate empathetically with patient, relatives, families and colleagues through Community oriented medical education.

CO9: Able to perform as an effective leader of health team at primary health care level and develop organizational skills for better patient satisfaction through supervision, leadership, resource management, health information management, community participation and coordination and administrative functions etc .and participate actively in implementation of National Health Programs.

CO10: Able to continuously upgrade his/her knowledge, attitude & skills through active learning and research for betterment of community. Also able to orient and apply the recent updates in Indian Health System, National Health Programmes and Policies and International Health Policies and Agencies.

CO11: Able to apply epidemiological studies to collect, analyse, interpret data, and apply relevant statistical tests with research principles and methodologies so as to create scientific attitude / report & skills through active learning and research for the betterment of community.

CO12: Able to responsibly assess the health needs of community/society, plan & participate actively to fulfil the felt health needs with designing cost effective health services & national programs for the benefit of the entire society.

CO13: Aware of environmental health determinants, natural resources and concept of reduction recycle, reusing the environmental resources to protect global ecosystems & environmental sustainability ultimately to support health and wellbeing of mankind.

CO1: To explain the principles of sociology including demographic population dynamics.

CO2: To identify social factors related to health, disease and disability in the context of urban and rural societies.

CO3: To appreciate the impact urbanization on health and disease.

CO4: To observe and interpret the dynamic of community behaviors.

CO5: To describe the elements of normal psychology and social psychology.

CO6: To observe the principles of practice of medicine in hospital and community settings.

CO7: To describe the health care delivery systems including rehabilitation of the disabled in the country.

CO8: To describe the National Health programmes with particular emphasis on maternal and child health programmes family welfare planning and population control.

CO9: List the epidemiological methods and techniques.

CO10: Outline the demographic pattern of the country and appreciate the roles of the individuals, family, community and socio-cultural milieu in health and disease.

CO11: To describe the health information systems.

CO12: To enunciate the principles and components of primary health care and the national health policies to achieve the goal of “Health for all”.

CO13: To identify the environmental and occupational hazards and their control.

CO14: To describe the importance of water and sanitation in human health.

CO15: To understand the principles of health economies, health administration health education in relation to community.

CO1: To examine and diagnose common ear, nose, throat problems including premalignant and malignant diseases of head and neck.

CO2: To manage ear, nose, throat (E.N.T) problems at the first level of care and be able to refer whenever and wherever necessary.

CO3: To assist/do independently basic E.N.T. procedures like ear syringing, Ear dressings, otoscopy, anterior nasal packing, removal of foreign bodies from nose, ear, throat.

CO4: To assist in certain procedures like tracheostomy, endoscopies.

CO5: To conduct CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation).

CO6: Able to use auroscope, nasal speculum, tongue depressor, tuning fork and head mirror.

CO1: To identify the basic medicolegal aspects of hospital and general practice.

CO2: To define the medicolegal responsibilities of a general physician while rendering community service either in a rural primary health centre or an urban health centre.

CO3: To appreciate the physician's responsibilities in criminal matters and respect for the codes of medical ethics.

CO4: To diagnose, manage and identify also legal aspects of common acute and chronic poisonings.

CO5: To describe the medicolegal aspects and findings of post-mortem examination in case of death due to common unnatural conditions & poisonings.

CO6: To detect occupational and environmental poisoning, prevention and epidemiology of common poisoning and their legal aspects particularly pertaining to Workmen's Compensation Act.

CO7: To describe the general principles of analytical toxicology.

CO8: Medical jurisprudence in view of the Consumer Protection Act – wherein doctors have been covered under its ambit. They have both rights as well as responsibilities. Under medical insurance acts of negligence covered as well as rights for effective service delivery.

CO1: To describe clinical features of diseases of various aetiology affecting all systems in the adult and geriatric population.

CO2: To apply the basic sciences knowledge in understanding and managing common diseases.

CO3: To describe the investigations to be undertaken at various levels like OPD, Ward, ICU etc. and choose them appropriately depending on the clinical features and epidemiologic principles.

CO4: To describe the pharmaco-therapeutics of various diseases and complications.

CO5: To describe and discuss the health issues related to environmental and ecological factors.

CO6: To describe and discuss the methods and mechanisms of rehabilitation following diseases.

CO7: To describe and discuss the issues related to palliative and terminal care.

CO8: To incorporate the national and international guidelines related to various diseases in day-to-day practice and teaching.

CO9: To describe and discuss the social and economic aspects of illnesses, outbreaks and epidemics.

CO10: To analyse the observations of disease patterns in patients and community and make suggestions for improvement in management and prevention.

CO11: To describe and discuss the National Health Programs.

CO12: To analyse and critique the publications related to various aspects of illnesses and evidence-based medicine.

CO13: To describe and discuss the various levels of prevention in communicable and non - communicable diseases.

CO14: To describe and discuss various legislations related to organ transplant, brain death, informed consent, human rights etc.

CO15: Be updated on recent advances in internal medicine.

CO1: To describe and discuss aetiology, anatomy, pathophysiology of common surgical problems.

CO2: To elaborate patient assessment and devise and differential diagnosis for common surgical problems.

CO3: To describe and discuss, operative and non-operative modalities of treatment & complications of common surgical problems.

CO4: To demonstrate basic technical skills such as dressing, suturing, catheterization and minor surgical procedures.

CO5: To interpret and co-relate radiological investigations to common surgical procedures.

CO6: To discuss clinic-pathological co-relation of common surgical surgical problems.

CO7: To describe and discuss recent advances in surgery.

CO8: To demonstrate respect, compassion and empathy to patients and colleagues, displaying sensitivity to one's individual background throughout the course of the surgical settings including pre-operative, intra-operative, and post-operative.

CO1: To diagnose normal and high-risk pregnancies and efficiently manage the normal pregnancy and the common conditions affecting it.

CO2: To provide appropriate treatment for reproductive tract infections, including sexually transmitted diseases.

CO3: To provide counselling and family welfare services including various methods of contraception and perform medical termination of pregnancy.

CO4: To interpret various laboratory investigations and other diagnostic modalities in Obstetrics and Gynaecology and manage the patient accordingly.

CO5: To perform basic and advanced surgical skills for obstetrical and gynaecological surgeries. Also perform basic obstetrical ultrasound including Doppler.

CO6: To diagnose and manage gynaecological endocrinology conditions, infertility and screen gynecological malignancies and manage benign and malignant gynecological conditions.

CO7: To understand the principles of medico legal aspects in obstetrics and gynaecology, which includes knowledge of MTP act, serialization and PCPNDT act.

CO8: To acquire full understanding of research methodologies and use of newer information technologies and keep abreast with advances in the field of Obstetrics & Gynaecology.

CO9: To facilitate learning of medical / nursing students, para medical health workers as a teacher trainer.

CO10: To demonstrate empathy and humane approach towards patients and their families also have good communication with patient and their families, colleagues, senior authorities and other paramedical healthcare providers.

CO1:  Describe the normal growth and development during foetal life, neonatal period, childhood and adolescence and outline deviations thereof; state age related requirements of calories, nutrients, fluids, drugs etc. in health and disease. Provide necessary knowledge regarding this to parents.

CO2: Describe the common pediatric emergencies in terms of epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, rational therapy, holistic care including counselling the parents and child rehabilitation.

CO3: Describe preventive strategies for common infectious disorders, malnutrition, genetic and metabolic disorders, poisonings, accidents, child abuse , protection and right of children . outline national programmes relating to child health including immunization programmes.

CO4: Present and discuss detailed pediatric history, conduct an appropriate physical examination of children including neonates, make clinical diagnosis, conduct common bedside investigative procedures, interpret common laboratory investigation results and plan and institute therapy.

CO5: Demonstrate anthropometric measurements, resuscitate newborn infants at birth, prepare oral rehydration solution, perform tuberculin test, administer vaccines available under current national programs. Knows and shows how to perform lumbar puncture, liver and kidney biopsy, bone marrow aspiration, pleural tap and ascitic tap start an intravenous saline and provide nasogastric feeding.

CO6: Discuss and describe normal newborn babies and those requiring special care and institute early care to all new born babies including care of preterm and low birth weight babies, provide correct guidance and support parents and provide counselling in breast feeding.

CO7: Describe and discuss preventive, promotive, curative and rehabilitative services to children, and keep himself updated with recent developments regarding same.